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Study / Part 3: Government and the law in Australia

Political parties and forming government

Who's who after an election
RoleWho
GovernmentParty or coalition with a majority in the House of Representatives
Prime MinisterLeader of the governing party or coalition
OppositionSecond-largest party or coalition
CabinetMinisters with the most important portfolios
IndependentsParliamentarians with no party
  • Federal election
    • Majority in House of RepresentativesForms government
      • Prime MinisterRecommends ministers
        • CabinetKey decision-making body
    • Second-largest groupForms the Opposition
      • Leader of the Opposition

Key facts

  • Main parties: Liberal, Labor, Nationals, Greens.
  • Independents: parliamentarians not in any party.
  • Government: party or coalition with a House of Representatives majority.
  • Its leader becomes Prime Minister.
  • Opposition: second-largest party or coalition.
  • Coalition: two or more parties joining together.
  • Cabinet: ministers with the most important portfolios.
  • Governor-General approves the PM and ministers.
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